List of Valid Hreflang Codes

In the post What is a valid Hreflang? I covered how hreflang markup is to be used and what language and region codes are valid. It’s a good, succinct list of valid codes.

This page has more information because it includes the names of countries and languages that are represented by the various codes. For your convenience all tables are sortable so you can lookup easily.

Hreflang Language Codes (2-letter ISO-639-1 Codes)

Language2-letter ISO Code
Abkhazab
Afaraa
Afrikaansaf
Akanak
Albaniansq
Amharicam
Arabicar
Aragonesean
Armenianhy
Assameseas
Avaricav
Avestanae
Aymaraay
Azerbaijaniaz
Bambarabm
Bashkirba
Basqueeu
Belarusianbe
Bengali, Banglabn
Biharibh
Bislamabi
Bosnianbs
Bretonbr
Bulgarianbg
Burmesemy
Catalan, Valencianca
Chamorroch
Chechence
Chichewa, Chewa, Nyanjany
Chinesezh
Chuvashcv
Cornishkw
Corsicanco
Creecr
Croatianhr
Czechcs
Danishda
Divehi, Dhivehi, Maldiviandv
Dutchnl
Dzongkhadz
Englishen
Esperantoeo
Estonianet
Eweee
Faroesefo
Fijianfj
Finnishfi
Frenchfr
Fula, Fulah, Pulaar, Pularff
Galiciangl
Georgianka
Germande
Greek (modern)el
Guaranígn
Gujaratigu
Haitian, Haitian Creoleht
Hausaha
Hebrew (modern)he
Hererohz
Hindihi
Hiri Motuho
Hungarianhu
Interlinguaia
Indonesianid
Interlingueie
Irishga
Igboig
Inupiaqik
Idoio
Icelandicis
Italianit
Inuktitutiu
Japaneseja
Javanesejv
Kalaallisut, Greenlandickl
Kannadakn
Kanurikr
Kashmiriks
Kazakhkk
Khmerkm
Kikuyu, Gikuyuki
Kinyarwandarw
Kyrgyzky
Komikv
Kongokg
Koreanko
Kurdishku
Kwanyama, Kuanyamakj
Latinla
Luxembourgish, Letzeburgeschlb
Gandalg
Limburgish, Limburgan, Limburgerli
Lingalaln
Laolo
Lithuanianlt
Luba-Katangalu
Latvianlv
Manxgv
Macedonianmk
Malagasymg
Malayms
Malayalamml
Maltesemt
Māorimi
Marathi (Marāṭhī)mr
Marshallesemh
Mongolianmn
Nauruna
Navajo, Navahonv
Northern Ndebelend
Nepaline
Ndongang
Norwegian Bokmålnb
Norwegian Nynorsknn
Norwegianno
Nuosuii
Southern Ndebelenr
Occitanoc
Ojibwe, Ojibwaoj
Old Church Slavonic, Church Slavonic, Old Bulgariancu
Oromoom
Oriyaor
Ossetian, Osseticos
Panjabi, Punjabipa
Pālipi
Persian (Farsi)fa
Polishpl
Pashto, Pushtops
Portuguesept
Quechuaqu
Romanshrm
Kirundirn
Romanianro
Russianru
Sanskrit (Saṁskṛta)sa
Sardiniansc
Sindhisd
Northern Samise
Samoansm
Sangosg
Serbiansr
Scottish Gaelic, Gaelicgd
Shonasn
Sinhala, Sinhalesesi
Slovaksk
Slovenesl
Somaliso
Southern Sothost
Spanish, Castilianes
Sundanesesu
Swahilisw
Swatiss
Swedishsv
Tamilta
Telugute
Tajiktg
Thaith
Tigrinyati
Tibetan Standard, Tibetan, Centralbo
Turkmentk
Tagalogtl
Tswanatn
Tonga (Tonga Islands)to
Turkishtr
Tsongats
Tatartt
Twitw
Tahitianty
Uyghur, Uighurug
Ukrainianuk
Urduur
Uzbekuz
Vendave
Vietnamesevi
Volapükvo
Walloonwa
Welshcy
Wolofwo
Western Frisianfy
Xhosaxh
Yiddishyi
Yorubayo
Zhuang, Chuangza
Zuluzu

Hreflang Region Codes (2-letter ISO-3166-1 Codes)

The 2-letter region comes after the language and is optional. e.g., “en-US” for U.S. English and “en-GB” for Britain.

Country2-character ISO Code
AfghanistanAF
Åland IslandsAX
AlbaniaAL
AlgeriaDZ
American SamoaAS
AndorraAD
AngolaAO
AnguillaAI
AntarcticaAQ
Antigua and BarbudaAG
ArgentinaAR
ArmeniaAM
ArubaAW
AustraliaAU
AustriaAT
AzerbaijanAZ
BahamasBS
BahrainBH
BangladeshBD
BarbadosBB
BelarusBY
BelgiumBE
BelizeBZ
BeninBJ
BermudaBM
BhutanBT
Bolivia, Plurinational State ofBO
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and SabaBQ
Bosnia and HerzegovinaBA
BotswanaBW
Bouvet IslandBV
BrazilBR
British Indian Ocean TerritoryIO
Brunei DarussalamBN
BulgariaBG
Burkina FasoBF
BurundiBI
CambodiaKH
CameroonCM
CanadaCA
Cabo VerdeCV
Cayman IslandsKY
Central African RepublicCF
ChadTD
ChileCL
ChinaCN
Christmas IslandCX
Cocos (Keeling) IslandsCC
ColombiaCO
ComorosKM
CongoCG
Congo, the Democratic Republic of theCD
Cook IslandsCK
Costa RicaCR
Côte d'IvoireCI
CroatiaHR
CubaCU
CuraçaoCW
CyprusCY
Czech RepublicCZ
DenmarkDK
DjiboutiDJ
DominicaDM
Dominican RepublicDO
EcuadorEC
EgyptEG
El SalvadorSV
Equatorial GuineaGQ
EritreaER
EstoniaEE
EthiopiaET
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)FK
Faroe IslandsFO
FijiFJ
FinlandFI
FranceFR
French GuianaGF
French PolynesiaPF
French Southern TerritoriesTF
GabonGA
GambiaGM
GeorgiaGE
GermanyDE
GhanaGH
GibraltarGI
GreeceGR
GreenlandGL
GrenadaGD
GuadeloupeGP
GuamGU
GuatemalaGT
GuernseyGG
GuineaGN
Guinea-BissauGW
GuyanaGY
HaitiHT
Heard Island and McDonald IslandsHM
Holy See (Vatican City State)VA
HondurasHN
Hong KongHK
HungaryHU
IcelandIS
IndiaIN
IndonesiaID
Iran, Islamic Republic ofIR
IraqIQ
IrelandIE
Isle of ManIM
IsraelIL
ItalyIT
JamaicaJM
JapanJP
JerseyJE
JordanJO
KazakhstanKZ
KenyaKE
KiribatiKI
Korea, Democratic People's Republic ofKP
Korea, Republic ofKR
KuwaitKW
KyrgyzstanKG
Lao People's Democratic RepublicLA
LatviaLV
LebanonLB
LesothoLS
LiberiaLR
LibyaLY
LiechtensteinLI
LithuaniaLT
LuxembourgLU
MacaoMO
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic ofMK
MadagascarMG
MalawiMW
MalaysiaMY
MaldivesMV
MaliML
MaltaMT
Marshall IslandsMH
MartiniqueMQ
MauritaniaMR
MauritiusMU
MayotteYT
MexicoMX
Micronesia, Federated States ofFM
Moldova, Republic ofMD
MonacoMC
MongoliaMN
MontenegroME
MontserratMS
MoroccoMA
MozambiqueMZ
MyanmarMM
NamibiaNA
NauruNR
NepalNP
NetherlandsNL
New CaledoniaNC
New ZealandNZ
NicaraguaNI
NigerNE
NigeriaNG
NiueNU
Norfolk IslandNF
Northern Mariana IslandsMP
NorwayNO
OmanOM
PakistanPK
PalauPW
Palestine, State ofPS
PanamaPA
Papua New GuineaPG
ParaguayPY
PeruPE
PhilippinesPH
PitcairnPN
PolandPL
PortugalPT
Puerto RicoPR
QatarQA
RéunionRE
RomaniaRO
Russian FederationRU
RwandaRW
Saint BarthélemyBL
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da CunhaSH
Saint Kitts and NevisKN
Saint LuciaLC
Saint Martin (French part)MF
Saint Pierre and MiquelonPM
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesVC
SamoaWS
San MarinoSM
Sao Tome and PrincipeST
Saudi ArabiaSA
SenegalSN
SerbiaRS
SeychellesSC
Sierra LeoneSL
SingaporeSG
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)SX
SlovakiaSK
SloveniaSI
Solomon IslandsSB
SomaliaSO
South AfricaZA
South Georgia and the South Sandwich IslandsGS
South SudanSS
SpainES
Sri LankaLK
SudanSD
SurinameSR
Svalbard and Jan MayenSJ
SwazilandSZ
SwedenSE
SwitzerlandCH
Syrian Arab RepublicSY
Taiwan, Province of ChinaTW
TajikistanTJ
Tanzania, United Republic ofTZ
ThailandTH
Timor-LesteTL
TogoTG
TokelauTK
TongaTO
Trinidad and TobagoTT
TunisiaTN
TurkeyTR
TurkmenistanTM
Turks and Caicos IslandsTC
TuvaluTV
UgandaUG
UkraineUA
United Arab EmiratesAE
United KingdomGB
United StatesUS
United States Minor Outlying IslandsUM
UruguayUY
UzbekistanUZ
VanuatuVU
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic ofVE
Viet NamVN
Virgin Islands, BritishVG
Virgin Islands, U.S.VI
Wallis and FutunaWF
Western SaharaEH
YemenYE
ZambiaZM
ZimbabweZW

Script codes

For extra credit, here is a list of 4-letter script codes (ISO 15924 Codes) that may also be used for hreflang markup. e.g., “sr-hu-Latn” with the country code or “sr-Latn” without the country code.

Script4-letter Script Code
AdlamAdlm
AfakaAfak
Caucasian AlbanianAghb
Ahom, Tai AhomAhom
ArabicArab
Arabic (Nastaliq variant)Aran
Imperial AramaicArmi
ArmenianArmn
AvestanAvst
BalineseBali
BamumBamu
Bassa VahBass
BatakBatk
Bengali (Bangla)Beng
BhaiksukiBhks
BlissymbolsBlis
BopomofoBopo
BrahmiBrah
BrailleBrai
BugineseBugi
BuhidBuhd
ChakmaCakm
Unified Canadian Aboriginal SyllabicsCans
CarianCari
ChamCham
CherokeeCher
CirthCirt
CopticCopt
Cypro-MinoanCpmn
Cypriot syllabaryCprt
CyrillicCyrl
Cyrillic (Old Church Slavonic variant)Cyrs
Devanagari (Nagari)Deva
DograDogr
Deseret (Mormon)Dsrt
Duployan shorthand, Duployan stenographyDupl
Egyptian demoticEgyd
Egyptian hieraticEgyh
Egyptian hieroglyphsEgyp
ElbasanElba
Ethiopic (Geʻez)Ethi
Khutsuri (Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri)Geok
Georgian (Mkhedruli and Mtavruli)Geor
GlagoliticGlag
Gunjala GondiGong
Masaram GondiGonm
GothicGoth
GranthaGran
GreekGrek
GujaratiGujr
GurmukhiGuru
Han with Bopomofo (alias for Han + Bopomofo)Hanb
Hangul (Hangŭl, Hangeul)Hang
Han (Hanzi, Kanji, Hanja)Hani
Hanunoo (Hanunóo)Hano
Han (Simplified variant)Hans
Han (Traditional variant)Hant
HatranHatr
HebrewHebr
HiraganaHira
Anatolian Hieroglyphs (Luwian Hieroglyphs, Hittite Hieroglyphs)Hluw
Pahawh HmongHmng
Nyiakeng Puachue HmongHmnp
Japanese syllabaries (alias for Hiragana + Katakana)Hrkt
Old Hungarian (Hungarian Runic)Hung
Indus (Harappan)Inds
Old Italic (Etruscan, Oscan, etc.)Ital
Jamo (alias for Jamo subset of Hangul)Jamo
JavaneseJava
Japanese (alias for Han + Hiragana + Katakana)Jpan
JurchenJurc
Kayah LiKali
KatakanaKana
KharoshthiKhar
KhmerKhmr
KhojkiKhoj
Khitan large scriptKitl
Khitan small scriptKits
KannadaKnda
Korean (alias for Hangul + Han)Kore
KpelleKpel
KaithiKthi
Tai Tham (Lanna)Lana
LaoLaoo
Latin (Fraktur variant)Latf
Latin (Gaelic variant)Latg
LatinLatn
LekeLeke
Lepcha (Róng)Lepc
LimbuLimb
Linear ALina
Linear BLinb
Lisu (Fraser)Lisu
LomaLoma
LycianLyci
LydianLydi
MahajaniMahj
MakasarMaka
Mandaic, MandaeanMand
ManichaeanMani
MarchenMarc
Mayan hieroglyphsMaya
Medefaidrin (Oberi Okaime, Oberi Ɔkaimɛ)Medf
Mende KikakuiMend
Meroitic CursiveMerc
Meroitic HieroglyphsMero
MalayalamMlym
Modi, MoḍīModi
MongolianMong
Moon (Moon code, Moon script, Moon type)Moon
Mro, MruMroo
Meitei Mayek (Meithei, Meetei)Mtei
MultaniMult
Myanmar (Burmese)Mymr
Old North Arabian (Ancient North Arabian)Narb
NabataeanNbat
Newa, Newar, Newari, Nepāla lipiNewa
Naxi Dongba (na²¹ɕi³³ to³³ba²¹, Nakhi Tomba)Nkdb
Naxi Geba (na²¹ɕi³³ gʌ²¹ba²¹, 'Na-'Khi ²Ggŏ-¹baw, Nakhi Geba)Nkgb
N’KoNkoo
NüshuNshu
OghamOgam
Ol Chiki (Ol Cemet’, Ol, Santali)Olck
Old Turkic, Orkhon RunicOrkh
Oriya (Odia)Orya
OsageOsge
OsmanyaOsma
PalmyrenePalm
Pau Cin HauPauc
Old PermicPerm
Phags-paPhag
Inscriptional PahlaviPhli
Psalter PahlaviPhlp
Book PahlaviPhlv
PhoenicianPhnx
Klingon (KLI pIqaD)Piqd
Miao (Pollard)Plrd
Inscriptional ParthianPrti
Reserved for private use (start)Qaaa
Reserved for private use (end)Qabx
Rejang (Redjang, Kaganga)Rjng
RongorongoRoro
RunicRunr
SamaritanSamr
SaratiSara
Old South ArabianSarb
SaurashtraSaur
SignWritingSgnw
Shavian (Shaw)Shaw
Sharada, ŚāradāShrd
ShuishuShui
Siddham, Siddhaṃ, SiddhamātṛkāSidd
Khudawadi, SindhiSind
SinhalaSinh
Sora SompengSora
SoyomboSoyo
SundaneseSund
Syloti NagriSylo
SyriacSyrc
Syriac (Estrangelo variant)Syre
Syriac (Western variant)Syrj
Syriac (Eastern variant)Syrn
TagbanwaTagb
Takri, Ṭākrī, ṬāṅkrīTakr
Tai LeTale
New Tai LueTalu
TamilTaml
TangutTang
Tai VietTavt
TeluguTelu
TengwarTeng
Tifinagh (Berber)Tfng
Tagalog (Baybayin, Alibata)Tglg
ThaanaThaa
ThaiThai
TibetanTibt
TirhutaTirh
UgariticUgar
VaiVaii
Visible SpeechVisp
Warang Citi (Varang Kshiti)Wara
WanchoWcho
WoleaiWole
Old PersianXpeo
Cuneiform, Sumero-AkkadianXsux
YiYiii
Zanabazar Square (Zanabazarin Dörböljin Useg, Xewtee Dörböljin Bicig, Horizontal Square Script)Zanb
Code for inherited scriptZinh
Mathematical notationZmth
Symbols (Emoji variant)Zsye
SymbolsZsym
Code for unwritten documentsZxxx
Code for undetermined scriptZyyy
Code for uncoded scriptZzzz

Further Reading